The Rockefeller Institute Virus Laboratories (RIVL) served as the base laboratory for the virus studies conducted by the Rockefeller Foundation's International Health Board/Division (IHB/D). Beginning in 1916, when William C. Gorgas' special commission visited South America, the IHB/D supported field research as part of its international campaign against yellow fever. By the late 1920's, the difficulty and expense of conducting field research in Brazil and West Africa made apparent the need for a central lab for the completion of promising viral investigations developed in those primitive settings. At the urging of Frederick F. Russell, IHD director, such a lab was established in 1929. Headed by Wilbur A. Sawyer, the lab rented space at The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in New York City.